Владимир Даль: Толковый словарь


Кафедра прикладной математики и кибернетики ПетрГУ	Кафедра русской литературы ПетрГУ	Проект выполнен при поддержке РГНФ	Проект «Электронный словарь языка В. И. Даля»

Введите словоформу для поиска в текстах словарных статей Толкового словаря:

Выберите букву, с которой начинается слоформа:
А Б В Г Д Е Ж З И I К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ы Ѣ Э Ю Я Ѳ Ѵ

Заголовок словарной статьи
Карточки
Конкордансы
Словарные статьи

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[11541-11550] [11551-11560] [11561-11570] [11571-11580] [11581-11590] [11591-11600] [11601-11610] [11611-11620] [11621-11630] [11631-11640] [11641-11650] [11651-11660] [11661-11670] [11671-11680] [11681-11690] [11691-11700] [11701-11710] [11711-11720] [11721-11730] [11731-11740] [11741-11750] [11751-11760] [11761-11770] [11771-11780] [11781-11790] [11791-11800] [11801-11810] [11811-11820] [11821-11830] [11831-11840] [11841-11850] [11851-11860] [11861-11870] [11871-11880] [11881-11890] [11891-11900] [11901-11910] [11911-11920] [11921-11930] [11931-11940] [11941-11950] [11951-11960] [11961-11970] [11971-11980] [11981-11990] [11991-12000] [12001-12010] [12011-12020] [12021-12030] [12031-12040] [12041-12050] [12051-12060] [12061-12070] [12071-12080] [12081-12090] [12091-12100] [12101-12110] [12111-12120] [12121-12130] [12131-12140] [12141-12150] [12151-12160] [12161-12170] [12171-12180] [12181-12190] [12191-12200] [12201-12210] [12211-12220] [12221-12230] [12231-12240] [12241-12250] [12251-12260] [12261-12270] [12271-12280] [12281-12290] [12291-12300] [12301-12310] [12311-12320] [12321-12330] [12331-12340] [12341-12350] [12351-12360] [12361-12370] [12371-12380] [12381-12390] [12391-12400] [12401-12410] [12411-12420] [12421-12430] [12431-12440] [12441-12450] [12451-12460] [12461-12470] [12471-12480] [12481-12490] [12491-12500] [12501-12510] [12511-12520] [12521-12530] [12531-12540] [12541-12550] [12551-12560] [12561-12570] [12571-12580] [12581-12590] [12591-12600] [12601-12610] [12611-12620] [12621-12630] [12631-12640] [12641-12650] [12651-12660] [12661-12670] [12671-12680] [12681-12690] [12691-12700] [12701-12710] [12711-12720] [12721-12730] [12731-12740] [12741-12750] [12751-12760] [12761-12770] [12771-12780] [12781-12790] [12791-12800] [12801-12810] [12811-12820] [12821-12830] [12831-12840] [12841-12850] [12851-12860] [12861-12870] [12871-12880] [12881-12890] [12891-12900] [12901-12910] [12911-12920] [12921-12930] [12931-12940] [12941-12950] [12951-12960] [12961-12970] [12971-12980] [12981-12990] [12991-13000] [13001-13010] [13011-13020] [13021-13030] [13031-13040] [13041-13050] [13051-13060] [13061-13070] [13071-13080] [13081-13090] [13091-13100] [13101-13110] [13111-13120] [13121-13130] [13131-13140] [13141-13150] [13151-13160] [13161-13170] [13171-13180] [13181-13190] [13191-13200] [13201-13210] [13211-13220] [13221-13230] [13231-13240] [13241-13250] [13251-13260] [13261-13270] [13271-13280] [13281-13290] [13291-13300] [13301-13310] [13311-13320] [13321-13330] [13331-13340] [13341-13350] [13351-13360] [13361-13370] [13371-13380] [13381-13390] [13391-13400] [13401-13410] [13411-13420] [13421-13430] [13431-13440] [13441-13450] [13451-13460] [13461-13470] [13471-13480] [13481-13490] [13491-13500] [13501-13510] [13511-13520] [13521-13530] [13531-13540] [13541-13550] [13551-13560] [13561-13570] [13571-13580] [13581-13590] [13591-13600] [13601-13610] [13611-13620] [13621-13630] [13631-13640] [13641-13650] [13651-13660] [13661-13670] [13671-13680] [13681-13690] [13691-13700] [13701-13710] [13711-13720] [13721-13730] [13731-13740] [13741-13750] [13751-13760] [13761-13770] [13771-13780] [13781-13790] [13791-13800] [13801-13810] [13811-13820] [13821-13830] [13831-13840] [13841-13850] [13851-13860] [13861-13870] [13871-13880] [13881-13890] [13891-13900] [13901-13910] [13911-13920] [13921-13930] [13931-13940] [13941-13950] [13951-13960] [13961-13970] [13971-13980] [13981-13990] [13991-14000] [14001-14010] [14011-14020] [14021-14030] [14031-14040] [14041-14050] [14051-14060] [14061-14070] [14071-14080] [14081-14090] [14091-14100] [14101-14110] [14111-14120] [14121-14130] [14131-14140] [14141-14150] [14151-14160] [14161-14170] [14171-14180] [14181-14190] [14191-14200] [14201-14210] [14211-14220] [14221-14230] [14231-14240] [14241-14250] [14251-14260] [14261-14270] [14271-14280] [14281-14290] [14291-14300] [14301-14310] [14311-14320] [14321-14330] [14331-14340] [14341-14350] [14351-14360] [14361-14370] [14371-14380] [14381-14390] [14391-14400] [14401-14410] [14411-14420] [14421-14430] [14431-14440] [14441-14450] [14451-14460] [14461-14470] [14471-14480] [14481-14490] [14491-14500] [14501-14510] [14511-14520] [14521-14530] [14531-14540] [14541-14550] [14551-14560] [14561-14570] [14571-14580] [14581-14590] [14591-14600] [14601-14610] [14611-14620] [14621-14630] [14631-14640] [14641-14650] [14651-14660] [14661-14670] [14671-14680] [14681-14690] [14691-14700] [14701-14710] [14711-14720] [14721-14730] [14731-14740] [14741-14750] [14751-14760] [14761-14770] [14771-14780] [14781-14790] [14791-14800] [14801-14810] [14811-14820] [14821-14830] [14831-14840] [14841-14850] [14851-14860] [14861-14870] [14871-14880] [14881-14890] [14891-14900] [14901-14910] [14911-14920] [14921-14930] [14931-14940] [14941-14950] [14951-14960] [14961-14970] [14971-14980] [14981-14990] [14991-15000] [15001-15010] [15011-15020] [15021-15030] [15031-15040] [15041-15050] [15051-15060] [15061-15070] [15071-15080] [15081-15090] [15091-15100] [15101-15110] [15111-15120] [15121-15130] [15131-15140] [15141-15150] [15151-15160] [15161-15170] [15171-15180] [15181-15190] [15191-15200] [15201-15210] [15211-15220] [15221-15230] [15231-15240] [15241-15250] [15251-15260] [15261-15270] [15271-15280] [15281-15290] [15291-15300] [15301-15310] [15311-15320] [15321-15330] [15331-15340] [15341-15350] [15351-15360] [15361-15370] [15371-15380] [15381-15390] [15391-15400] [15401-15410] [15411-15420] [15421-15430] [15431-15440] [15441-15450] [15451-15460] [15461-15470] [15471-15480] [15481-15490] [15491-15500] [15501-15510] [15511-15520] [15521-15530] [15531-15540] [15541-15550] [15551-15560] [15561-15570] [15571-15580] [15581-15590] [15591-15600] [15601-15610] [15611-15620] [15621-15630] [15631-15640] [15641-15650] [15651-15660] [15661-15670] [15671-15680] [15681-15690] [15691-15700] [15701-15710] [15711-15720] [15721-15730] [15731-15740] [15741-15750] [15751-15760] [15761-15770] [15771-15780] [15781-15790] [15791-15800] [15801-15810] [15811-15820] [15821-15830] [15831-15840] [15841-15850] [15851-15860] [15861-15870] [15871-15880] [15881-15890] [15891-15900] [15901-15910] [15911-15920] [15921-15930] [15931-15940] [15941-15950] [15951-15960] [15961-15970] [15971-15980] [15981-15990] [15991-16000] [16001-16010] [16011-16020] [16021-16030] [16031-16040] [16041-16050] [16051-16060] [16061-16070] [16071-16080] [16081-16090] [16091-16100] [16101-16110] [16111-16120] [16121-16130] [16131-16140] [16141-16150] [16151-16160] [16161-16170] [16171-16180] [16181-16190] [16191-16200] [16201-16210] [16211-16220] [16221-16230] [16231-16240] [16241-16250] [16251-16260] [16261-16270] [16271-16280] [16281-16290] [16291-16300] [16301-16310] [16311-16320] [16321-16330] [16331-16340] [16341-16350] [16351-16360] [16361-16370] [16371-16380] [16381-16390] [16391-16400] [16401-16410] [16411-16420] [16421-16430] [16431-16440] [16441-16450] [16451-16460] [16461-16470] [16471-16480] [16481-16490] [16491-16500] [16501-16510] [16511-16520] [16521-16530] [16531-16540] [16541-16550] [16551-16560] [16561-16570] [16571-16580] [16581-16590] [16591-16600] [16601-16610] [16611-16620] [16621-16630] [16631-16640] [16641-16650] [16651-16660] [16661-16670] [16671-16680] [16681-16690] [16691-16700] [16701-16710] [16711-16720] [16721-16730] [16731-16740] [16741-16750] [16751-16760] [16761-16770] [16771-16780] [16781-16790] [16791-16800] [16801-16810] [16811-16820] [16821-16830] [16831-16840] [16841-16850] [16851-16860] [16861-16870] [16871-16880] [16881-16890] [16891-16900] [16901-16910] [16911-16920] [16921-16930] [16931-16940] [16941-16950] [16951-16960] [16961-16970] [16971-16980] [16981-16990] [16991-17000] [17001-17010] [17011-17020] [17021-17030] [17031-17040] [17041-17050] [17051-17060] [17061-17070] [17071-17080] [17081-17090] [17091-17100] [17101-17110] [17111-17120] [17121-17130] [17131-17140] [17141-17150] [17151-17160] [17161-17170] [17171-17180] [17181-17190] [17191-17200] [17201-17210] [17211-17220] [17221-17230] [17231-17240] [17241-17250] [17251-17260] [17261-17270] [17271-17280] [17281-17290] [17291-17300] [17301-17310] [17311-17320] [17321-17330] [17331-17340] [17341-17350] [17351-17360] [17361-17370] [17371-17380] [17381-17390] [17391-17400] [17401-17410] [17411-17420] [17421-17430] [17431-17440] [17441-17450] [17451-17460] [17461-17470] [17471-17480] [17481-17490] [17491-17500] [17501-17510] [17511-17520] [17521-17530] [17531-17540] [17541-17550] [17551-17560] [17561-17570] [17571-17580] [17581-17590] [17591-17600] [17601-17610] [17611-17620] [17621-17630] [17631-17640] [17641-17650] [17651-17660] [17661-17670] [17671-17680] [17681-17690] [17691-17700] [17701-17710] [17711-17720] [17721-17730] [17731-17740] [17741-17750] [17751-17760] [17761-17770] [17771-17780] [17781-17790] [17791-17800] [17801-17810] [17811-17820] [17821-17830] [17831-17840] [17841-17850] [17851-17860] [17861-17870] [17871-17880] [17881-17890] [17891-17900] [17901-17910] [17911-17920] [17921-17930] [17931-17940] [17941-17950] [17951-17960] [17961-17970] [17971-17980] [17981-17990] [17991-18000] [18001-18010] [18011-18020] [18021-18030] [18031-18040] [18041-18050] [18051-18060] [18061-18070] [18071-18080] [18081-18090] [18091-18100] [18101-18110] [18111-18120] [18121-18130] [18131-18140] [18141-18150] [18151-18160] [18161-18170] [18171-18180] [18181-18190] [18191-18200] [18201-18210] [18211-18220] [18221-18230] [18231-18240] [18241-18250] [18251-18260] [18261-18270] [18271-18280] [18281-18290] [18291-18300] [18301-18310] [18311-18320] [18321-18330] [18331-18340] [18341-18350] [18351-18360] [18361-18370] [18371-18380] [18381-18390] [18391-18400] [18401-18410] [18411-18420] [18421-18430] [18431-18440] [18441-18450] [18451-18460] [18461-18470] [18471-18480] [18481-18490] [18491-18500] [18501-18510] [18511-18520] [18521-18530] [18531-18540] [18541-18550] [18551-18560] [18561-18570] [18571-18580] [18581-18590] [18591-18600] [18601-18610] [18611-18620] [18621-18630] [18631-18640] [18641-18650] [18651-18660] [18661-18670] [18671-18680] [18681-18690] [18691-18700] [18701-18710] [18711-18720] [18721-18730] [18731-18740] [18741-18750] [18751-18760] [18761-18770] [18771-18780] [18781-18790] [18791-18800] [18801-18810] [18811-18820] [18821-18830] [18831-18840] [18841-18850] [18851-18860] [18861-18870] [18871-18880] [18881-18890] [18891-18900] [18901-18910] [18911-18920] [18921-18930] [18931-18940] [18941-18950] [18951-18960] [18961-18970] [18971-18980] [18981-18990] [18991-19000] [19001-19010] [19011-19020] [19021-19030] [19031-19040] [19041-19050] [19051-19060] [19061-19070] [19071-19080] [19081-19090] [19091-19100] [19101-19110] [19111-19120] [19121-19130] [19131-19140] [19141-19150] [19151-19160] [19161-19170] [19171-19180] [19181-19190] [19191-19200] [19201-19210] [19211-19220] [19221-19230] [19231-19240] [19241-19250] [19251-19260] [19261-19270] [19271-19280] [19281-19290] [19291-19300] [19301-19310] [19311-19320] [19321-19330] [19331-19340] [19341-19350] [19351-19360] [19361-19370] [19371-19380] [19381-19390] [19391-19400] [19401-19410] [19411-19420] [19421-19430] [19431-19440] [19441-19450] [19451-19460] [19461-19470] [19471-19480] [19481-19490] [19491-19500] [19501-19510] [19511-19520] [19521-19530] [19531-19540] [19541-19550] [19551-19560] [19561-19570] [19571-19580] [19581-19590] [19591-19600] [19601-19610] [19611-19620] [19621-19630] [19631-19640] [19641-19650] [19651-19660] [19661-19670] [19671-19680] [19681-19690] [19691-19700] [19701-19710] [19711-19720] [19721-19730] [19731-19740] [19741-19750] [19751-19760] [19761-19770] [19771-19780] [19781-19790] [19791-19800] [19801-19810] [19811-19820] [19821-19822]

15911

ОПЫТЪ ОБЛАСТНАГО ВЕЛИКОРУССКАГО СЛОВАРЯ, ИЗДАННАГО ВТОРЫМЪ ОТДЕЛЕНIЕМЪ ИМПЕРАТОРСКОЙ АКАДЕМIЕЙ НАУКЪ ВЪ 1852 Г.

Буква а съ ударенiемъ почти сдваивается: хаадзи́ць (ходить), г(h)аару́шка (горка); столъ произносится сталъ, стулъ или ста́у; волкъ — ваукъ, вуыкъ, и проч.

15912

4) Отъ Москвы на сѣверъ языкъ принимаетъ говоръ новгородскiй, который очень близокъ ко владимiрскому, и хотя въ различныхъ мѣстностяхъ выказываетъ свои особенности, не менѣе того едва ли представляетъ общiй всему краю отличительный признакъ.

15913

Вѣрнѣйшая примѣта, коли слышится и вмѣсто ѣ, какъ на Украйнѣ: хлибъ, сино, бида; но это встрѣчаемъ не вездѣ. Что въ промежуточной Твери господствуетъ смѣшенiе нарѣчiй, объ этомъ было уже упомянуто выше.

15914

6) Отъ этихъ нарѣчiй отличается нѣсколько сибирское, смѣшанное, что перестанавливающее ударенiя, но вообще окающее, и 7) Новорусское, смѣсь велико– и малорусскаго. Сюда же можно причислить и говоръ донской, или назвать его осьмымъ.

15915

Вотъ восемь нарѣчiй русскихъ, или, за исключенiемъ московскаго, какъ письменнаго, а сибирскаго и новорусскаго какъ болѣе смѣшанныхъ, только четыре, по четыремъ странамъ свѣта отъ Москвы;

15916

Сѣверное нарѣчiе, или новгородское, ильменское, верхне–русское, господствуетъ на сѣверѣ отъ Москвы и на сѣверо–востокѣ. Давно уже было замѣчено сходство этого нарѣчiя съ малорусскимъ.

15917

Можно бы предположить, что ильменскiе Славяне, огласившiеся въ половинѣ IX вѣка, вышли съ юга, отдѣлившись отъ Славянъ днѣпровскихъ, и принесли съ собою на сѣверъ южное нарѣчiе.

15918

Но М. П. Погодинъ замѣтилъ противъ этого, что не только во время Рюрика, а и до нашествiя Татаръ, въ Малой Руси жило не нынѣшнее племя; въ противномъ случаѣ въ южныхъ лѣтописяхъ нашихъ осталось бы болѣе слѣдовъ малорусскаго нарѣчiя и Украинцы, народъ пѣвучiй и весьма склонный къ думамъ и былинамъ (въ противность отъ великорусовъ), сохранилъ бы въ памяти своей хотя Владимiра.

15919

Но этого нѣтъ; а есть на Украйнѣ много воспоминанiй о Карпатахъ, откуда народъ этотъ, вѣроятно, вышелъ въ позднѣйшее время и гдѣ понынѣ Русины и Руснаки говорятъ этимъ же самымъ нарѣчiемъ.

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Но такъ–какъ при всемъ томъ Русскiе пришли на Ильмень съ юга, общей ближайшей къ намъ родинѣ всѣхъ славянскихъ племенъ, то можно, по–крайности, сказать, что Новгородцы понынѣ удержали въ языкѣ нѣсколько болѣе исконнаго, тогда–какъ по направленiю на Рязань и на Владимiръ языкъ этотъ, при смѣшенiи народа съ чудскими племенами, принялъ тутъ и тамъ другую краску.