Владимир Даль: Толковый словарь


Кафедра прикладной математики и кибернетики ПетрГУ	Кафедра русской литературы ПетрГУ	Проект выполнен при поддержке РГНФ	Проект «Электронный словарь языка В. И. Даля»

Введите словоформу для поиска в текстах словарных статей Толкового словаря:

Выберите букву, с которой начинается слоформа:
А Б В Г Д Е Ж З И I К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ы Ѣ Э Ю Я Ѳ Ѵ

Заголовок словарной статьи
Карточки
Конкордансы
Словарные статьи

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[13671-13680] [13681-13690] [13691-13700] [13701-13710] [13711-13720] [13721-13730] [13731-13740] [13741-13750] [13751-13760] [13761-13770] [13771-13780] [13781-13790] [13791-13800] [13801-13810] [13811-13820] [13821-13830] [13831-13840] [13841-13850] [13851-13860] [13861-13870] [13871-13880] [13881-13890] [13891-13900] [13901-13910] [13911-13920] [13921-13930] [13931-13940] [13941-13950] [13951-13960] [13961-13970] [13971-13980] [13981-13990] [13991-14000] [14001-14010] [14011-14020] [14021-14030] [14031-14040] [14041-14050] [14051-14060] [14061-14070] [14071-14080] [14081-14090] [14091-14100] [14101-14110] [14111-14120] [14121-14130] [14131-14140] [14141-14150] [14151-14160] [14161-14170] [14171-14180] [14181-14190] [14191-14200] [14201-14210] [14211-14220] [14221-14230] [14231-14240] [14241-14250] [14251-14260] [14261-14270] [14271-14280] [14281-14290] [14291-14300] [14301-14310] [14311-14320] [14321-14330] [14331-14340] [14341-14350] [14351-14360] [14361-14370] [14371-14380] 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[15801-15810] [15811-15820] [15821-15830] [15831-15840] [15841-15850] [15851-15860] [15861-15870] [15871-15880] [15881-15890] [15891-15900] [15901-15910] [15911-15920] [15921-15930] [15931-15940] [15941-15950] [15951-15960] [15961-15970] [15971-15980] [15981-15990] [15991-16000] [16001-16010] [16011-16020] [16021-16030] [16031-16040] [16041-16050] [16051-16060] [16061-16070] [16071-16080] [16081-16090] [16091-16100] [16101-16110] [16111-16120] [16121-16130] [16131-16140] [16141-16150] [16151-16160] [16161-16170] [16171-16180] [16181-16190] [16191-16200] [16201-16210] [16211-16220] [16221-16230] [16231-16240] [16241-16250] [16251-16260] [16261-16270] [16271-16280] [16281-16290] [16291-16300] [16301-16310] [16311-16320] [16321-16330] [16331-16340] [16341-16350] [16351-16360] [16361-16370] [16371-16380] [16381-16390] [16391-16400] [16401-16410] [16411-16420] [16421-16430] [16431-16440] [16441-16450] [16451-16460] [16461-16470] [16471-16480] [16481-16490] [16491-16500] [16501-16510] 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[17931-17940] [17941-17950] [17951-17960] [17961-17970] [17971-17980] [17981-17990] [17991-18000] [18001-18010] [18011-18020] [18021-18030] [18031-18040] [18041-18050] [18051-18060] [18061-18070] [18071-18080] [18081-18090] [18091-18100] [18101-18110] [18111-18120] [18121-18130] [18131-18140] [18141-18150] [18151-18160] [18161-18170] [18171-18180] [18181-18190] [18191-18200] [18201-18210] [18211-18220] [18221-18230] [18231-18240] [18241-18250] [18251-18260] [18261-18270] [18271-18280] [18281-18290] [18291-18300] [18301-18310] [18311-18320] [18321-18330] [18331-18340] [18341-18350] [18351-18360] [18361-18370] [18371-18380] [18381-18390] [18391-18400] [18401-18410] [18411-18420] [18421-18430] [18431-18440] [18441-18450] [18451-18460] [18461-18470] [18471-18480] [18481-18490] [18491-18500] [18501-18510] [18511-18520] [18521-18530] [18531-18540] [18541-18550] [18551-18560] [18561-18570] [18571-18580] [18581-18590] [18591-18600] [18601-18610] [18611-18620] [18621-18630] [18631-18640] 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[19351-19360] [19361-19370] [19371-19380] [19381-19390] [19391-19400] [19401-19410] [19411-19420] [19421-19430] [19431-19440] [19441-19450] [19451-19460] [19461-19470] [19471-19480] [19481-19490] [19491-19500] [19501-19510] [19511-19520] [19521-19530] [19531-19540] [19541-19550] [19551-19560] [19561-19570] [19571-19580] [19581-19590] [19591-19600] [19601-19610] [19611-19620] [19621-19630] [19631-19640] [19641-19650] [19651-19660] [19661-19670] [19671-19680] [19681-19690] [19691-19700] [19701-19710] [19711-19720] [19721-19730] [19731-19740] [19741-19750] [19751-19760] [19761-19770] [19771-19780] [19781-19790] [19791-19800] [19801-19810] [19811-19820] [19821-19822]

16181

ОПЫТЪ ОБЛАСТНАГО ВЕЛИКОРУССКАГО СЛОВАРЯ, ИЗДАННАГО ВТОРЫМЪ ОТДЕЛЕНIЕМЪ ИМПЕРАТОРСКОЙ АКАДЕМIЕЙ НАУКЪ ВЪ 1852 Г.

Кстати, увѣряютъ, будто есть также бурлацкiй языкъ и будто въ разныхъ городахъ Поволжья составляютъ словарь этого языка. Напрасно: такого словаря не будетъ, потому–что языка этого нѣтъ; развѣ угодно будетъ назвать такъ судоходныя выраженiя по Волгѣ или шуточныя выраженiя гульливой молодежи: хлеба́лка — ложка; яда́ло — ротъ; ню́хало — носъ; грабилки — руки, и пр.

16182

На Кяхтѣ образовался общiй съ Китайцами торговый русскiй языкъ, или нарѣчiе, котораго непривычный не пойметъ. Это — русскiя слова, изломанныя по китайскому произношенiю, а рѣчь, исковерканная по китайской грамматикѣ, безъ склоненiй и спряженiй.

16183

Тарабарскiй языкъ школьниковъ состоитъ въ перестановкѣ или замѣнѣ согласныхъ, по извѣстному правилу, тогда–какъ гласныя остаются неизмѣнны: Вмѣсто б, в, г, д, ж, з, к, л, м, н ставятъ щ, ш, ч, ц, х, ф, т, с, р, п, и на–оборотъ; такъ–что вмѣсто: я унесъ у Ваньки калачикъ, говорятъ смѣло и въ–слухъ: я упелъ у шапти тасагитъ.

16184

Говоръ по–херамъ, то–есть гдѣ за каждымъ слогомъ приговариваютъ херъ, достоинъ вниманiя развѣ по слѣдующему событiю: два братца, охотники до погулокъ, рѣшились объясниться въ присутствiи отца по херамъ, но не искусились еще въ этомъ дѣлѣ и потому, приставляя по херу только передъ каждымъ словомъ, а не слогомъ, одинъ сказалъ: хер–братъ, хер–пойдемъ!

16185

Хер–куда? хер–въ кабакъ. Къ крайнему ихъ изумленiю, отецъ видно также зналъ говорить по–херамъ и, вмѣшавшись въ бесѣду, сказалъ: а хер–кнутъ? и сыновья присѣли на лавку. Правописанiе, для словаря нарѣчiй.

16186

Ближайшiй отвѣтъ на это: писать на–слухъ, какъ можно ближе къ произношенiю; и это правило, по–видимому, принято было для разсматриваемаго нами словаря.

16187

Но вотъ его неудобства: изъ предшедшаго обзора видно, какъ различны мѣстныя произношенiя: буква а выговаривается какъ а, о, е, ы, я; буквы е, ѣ произносятся какъ е, ё, и, я; буква о, какъ о, а полугласные, а полногласное, ы, у, уо, уы и проч.;

16188

словомъ, какъ мы видѣли выше, можно перебрать всѣ буквы азбуки нашей, и каждая изъ нихъ мѣстами замѣняетъ другую; вмѣсто одного словаря, надо напечатать ихъ десять либо двадцать, чтобы показать каждое изъ этихъ произношенiй какъ особое слово.

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Вотъ почему издатели разбираемаго словаря и вынуждены были раскинуть по своимъ мѣстамъ: набѐруха, наберу́ха, набиру́ха, набиро̀ха, пропустивъ при всемъ томъ еще набёру́ха и набяру́ха; также: мяклашъ, мяклышъ, мяклушъ; повѣсьмо, повѣсмо, повѣсма, повѣсло; при чемъ еще сдѣланы ссылки, не на одно изъ этихъ словъ, признаваемое за болѣе правильное, но съ одного на другое.

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Изученiе нарѣчiй именно тогда только занимательно и полезно, когда это дѣлается не безотчетно и состоитъ не въ затверживанiи новыхъ словъ, а въ розысканiи происхожденiя ихъ и образованiя.